鉄鋼市場規模、シェア、動向、2031年までの世界予測

鉄鋼市場は、2026年の1兆918億米ドルから2031年には1兆1594億米ドルに成長し、予測期間中の年平均成長率は1.2%に達するとMarketsandMarketsでは予測しています。鉄鋼需要の増加は、急速な都市化、インフラ整備、そして世界的な産業・製造活動の拡大によるものです。

調査範囲

本レポートは、鉄鋼市場の成長に影響を与える要因、阻害要因、課題、機会に関する詳細な情報を網羅しています。主要な業界プレーヤーの詳細な分析を実施し、事業概要、提供製品、そして鉄鋼市場に関連するパートナーシップ、コラボレーション、新製品発売、事業拡大、買収といった主要戦略に関する洞察を提供します。また、鉄鋼市場のエコシステムにおける新興企業の競合分析も含まれています。

本レポートを購入する理由

本レポートは、市場リーダーおよび新規参入企業に対し、鉄鋼市場全体およびそのサブセグメントにおける収益予測を最も正確に提供します。関係者は、本レポートを通じて競争環境を理解し、より効果的な事業展開のための深い洞察を得て、適切な市場参入戦略を策定することができます。さらに、市場の動向を把握し、主要な市場推進要因、阻害要因、課題、機会に関する情報を得ることができます。

本レポートは、以下の点について洞察を提供します。

主要な推進要因（鉄鉱石および鉄鋼生産に必要なその他の鉱物の豊富さ、中心都市以外への都市インフラネットワークの拡大、エネルギー・電力産業および自動車産業における鉄鋼消費量の増加）、阻害要因（炭素移行圧力と脱炭素化技術のコスト、原材料の品質と供給の安定性の変動）、機会（グリーン鋼のプレミアム化とカーボンニュートラルな供給契約、スクラップベースの鉄鋼生産の拡大）、および課題（貿易障壁と市場アクセスの不確実性への対応、世界的な鉄鋼過剰生産能力による価格と収益性の歪み）の分析。

• 製品開発／イノベーション：鉄鋼市場における今後の技術、研究開発活動、製品・サービスの発売に関する詳細な洞察。
• 市場開発：収益性の高い市場に関する包括的な情報 ― 本レポートは、様々な地域における鉄鋼市場を分析しています。
• 市場の多様化：鉄鋼市場における新製品・サービス、未開拓地域、最近の動向、および投資に関する包括的な情報。
• 競合評価：アルセロールミッタル（ルクセンブルク）、中国宝武鋼鉄集団（中国）、タタ・スチール（インド）、ニューコア・コーポレーション（米国）、JSW（インド）、日本製鉄（日本）、鞍鋼集団（中国）、ポスコ（韓国）、HBISグループ（中国）、インド鉄鋼公社（SAIL）（インド）、CSN（ナショナル・スチール・カンパニー）（ブラジル）、SSAB AB（スウェーデン）などの主要企業の市場シェア、成長戦略、サービス提供内容の詳細な評価。

Report Description

The iron & steel market is projected to grow from USD 1,091.8 billion in 2026 to USD 1,159.4 billion by 2031, at a 1.2% CAGR over the forecast period. Demand for iron & steel is rising due to rapid urbanization, infrastructure development, and expanding industrial and manufacturing activities worldwide.

“Steel segment projected to be the largest segment during the forecast period.”

The steel segment is projected to be the largest during the forecast period, driven by its extensive use across the construction, infrastructure, automotive, transportation, energy, and manufacturing industries. Steel remains a fundamental material because of its high strength, durability, versatility, and ability to be engineered into various grades and forms to meet diverse application requirements. Rapid urbanization and large-scale infrastructure development projects worldwide are significantly increasing steel consumption. Additionally, growing industrialization and the expansion of the automotive sector are further strengthening demand for high-performance, lightweight steel products. Technological advancements in steel production, along with rising adoption of sustainable and recycled steel, are also supporting market growth. Increasing investments in smart cities, transportation networks, and renewable energy infrastructure are further reinforcing the dominance of the steel segment. Overall, these factors position steel as the largest and most critical segment in the global iron and steel market.

“Blast furnace process iron production technology segment projected to be the second-largest segment during the forecast period.”

The blast furnace process iron production technology segment is projected to be the largest during the forecast period, driven by its widespread adoption in integrated steel manufacturing facilities worldwide. This conventional method remains dominant because it efficiently and consistently produces large volumes of hot metal, making it well suited to large-scale industrial demand. The process benefits from well-established infrastructure, mature technology, and high operational reliability, further strengthening its position in global iron production. Additionally, its compatibility with existing steelmaking systems and ability to process high-quality iron ore support its continued use across major steel-producing regions. Despite growing interest in low-carbon alternatives such as the Direct Reduced Iron process, the Blast Furnace Process continues to lead because of its cost efficiency and large-scale output capability. Increasing demand from the construction, automotive, and infrastructure sectors further reinforces its dominance in the iron production technology segment of the global iron and steel market.

“Basic oxygen furnace steel production technology segment projected to be the second-largest segment during the forecast period.”

The basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steel production technology segment is projected to be the largest during the forecast period, owing to its widespread adoption in integrated steelmaking facilities across major steel-producing regions. This process remains a cornerstone of global steel production because it efficiently converts hot metal from blast furnaces into high-quality steel with controlled carbon content. BOF technology supports large-scale, continuous production, making it highly suitable for meeting strong industrial demand from the construction, automotive, infrastructure, and heavy engineering sectors. Its well-established infrastructure, operational reliability, and cost-effectiveness further strengthen its dominance in the global steel industry. Additionally, BOF processes are widely integrated with existing blast furnace operations, ensuring seamless production flow and high output efficiency. Despite the increasing shift toward electric arc furnace-based sustainable methods, BOF continues to lead because of its superior production capacity, consistent quality, and strong presence in traditional steel manufacturing ecosystems worldwide.

“Building & construction end-use industry segment projected to be the second-largest segment during the forecast period.”

The building & construction segment is projected to be the largest during the forecast period, driven by rapid urbanization, infrastructure expansion, and rising investments in residential, commercial, and public infrastructure projects worldwide. This segment remains the dominant consumer of iron & steel because of the essential need for structural strength, durability, and load-bearing capacity in construction. Growing population levels and rising demand for modern housing, smart cities, and high-rise buildings are further accelerating steel consumption in this sector. Large-scale government initiatives focused on transportation networks, bridges, industrial corridors, and urban redevelopment are also significantly boosting demand. The versatility of steel across construction applications, along with its recyclability and cost-effectiveness, further strengthens its position. Advancements in construction technologies and the increasing use of high-performance steel grades are also supporting market growth. Overall, these factors ensure the continued dominance of the building & construction segment in the global iron and steel market.

“In terms of value, Europe is projected to be the second-largest segment during the forecast period.”

In terms of value, Europe is expected to remain the second-largest region during the forecast period, supported by its strong industrial base and steady demand from key end-use sectors. The region continues to see significant iron & steel consumption across construction, automotive, infrastructure upgrades, and energy projects. Ongoing investments in renovating older infrastructure and expanding modern, energy-efficient buildings are also helping sustain demand. At the same time, Europe’s focus on sustainability is driving greater use of recycled steel and cleaner production methods, shaping purchasing and production decisions across the industry. Strong regulatory standards and a well-established manufacturing ecosystem further support a consistent market value. Overall, stable industrial activity, combined with the shift toward greener steel solutions, keeps Europe firmly positioned as the second-largest regional market during the forecast period.

Companies Covered: ArcelorMittal (Luxembourg), China Baowu Steel Group (China), Tata Steel (India), Nucor Corporation (US), JSW (India), Nippon Steel Corporation (Japan), Ansteel Group Corporation Limited (China), POSCO (South Korea), HBIS Group Co., Ltd. (China), Steel Authority of India Ltd. (SAIL)  (India), CSN (National Steel Company) (Brazil), and SSAB AB (Sweden), among others, are covered in the report.

The study includes an in-depth competitive analysis of these key players in the iron & steel market, with their company profiles, recent developments, and key market strategies.

Research Coverage

The report’s scope covers detailed information on the drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities influencing the growth of the iron & steel market. A detailed analysis of key industry players has been conducted to provide insights into their business overviews, products offered, and key strategies, such as partnerships, collaborations, product launches, expansions, and acquisitions, associated with the iron & steel market. This report also includes a competitive analysis of upcoming startups in the iron & steel market ecosystem.

Reasons to Buy the Report

The report will provide market leaders and new entrants with the closest approximations of revenue figures for the overall iron & steel market and its subsegments. It will help stakeholders understand the competitive landscape, gain deeper insights into positioning their businesses more effectively, and plan suitable go-to-market strategies. The report will also help stakeholders gauge the pulse of the market and provide information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.

The report provides insights into the following points:

Analysis of key drivers (abundance of iron ore and other minerals for steel production, expansion of urban infrastructure networks beyond core cities, rising steel consumption in the energy and power and automotive industries), restraints (carbon transition pressure and the cost of decarbonization technologies, volatility in raw material quality and supply security), opportunities (green steel premiumization and carbon-neutral supply contracts, expansion of scrap-based steel production), and challenges (navigating trade barriers and market access uncertainty, excess global steel overcapacity distorting pricing and profitability dynamics).

• Product Development/Innovation: Detailed insights into upcoming technologies, research & development activities, and product & service launches in the iron & steel market.
• Market Development: Comprehensive information about profitable markets – the report analyzes the iron & steel market across varied regions.
• Market Diversification: Exhaustive information about new products & services, untapped geographies, recent developments, and investments in the iron & steel market.
• Competitive Assessment: In-depth assessment of market share, growth strategies, and service offerings of leading players such as ArcelorMittal (Luxembourg), China Baowu Steel Group (China), Tata Steel (India), Nucor Corporation (US), JSW (India), Nippon Steel Corporation (Japan), Ansteel Group Corporation Limited (China), POSCO (South Korea), HBIS Group Co., Ltd. (China), Steel Authority of India Ltd. (SAIL) (India), CSN (National Steel Company) (Brazil), and SSAB AB (Sweden).

Table of Contents

1 INTRODUCTION 30
1.1 STUDY OBJECTIVES 30
1.2 MARKET DEFINITION 30
1.3 STUDY SCOPE 31
1.3.1 MARKETS COVERED & REGIONAL SCOPE 31
1.3.2 INCLUSIONS & EXCLUSIONS 32
1.3.3 YEARS CONSIDERED 32
1.3.4 CURRENCY CONSIDERED 33
1.3.5 UNIT CONSIDERED 33
1.3.6 STAKEHOLDERS 33
1.4 SUMMARY OF CHANGES 33
2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 34
2.1 KEY INSIGHTS AND MARKET HIGHLIGHTS 34
2.2 KEY MARKET PARTICIPANTS: SHARE INSIGHTS AND STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENTS 35
2.3 DISRUPTIVE TRENDS SHAPING MARKET 36
2.4 HIGH-GROWTH SEGMENTS & EMERGING FRONTIERS 37
2.5 SNAPSHOT: GLOBAL MARKET SIZE, GROWTH RATE, AND FORECAST 38
3 PREMIUM INSIGHTS 39
3.1 ATTRACTIVE OPPORTUNITIES FOR PLAYERS IN IRON & STEEL MARKET 39
3.2 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY TYPE AND END-USE INDUSTRY 40
3.3 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY STEEL PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY 41
3.4 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY IRON PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY 41
3.5 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY 42
4 MARKET OVERVIEW 43
4.1 INTRODUCTION 43
4.2 MARKET DYNAMICS 43
4.2.1 DRIVERS 44
4.2.1.1 Abundance of iron ore & other minerals for steel production 44
4.2.1.2 Expansion of urban infrastructure networks beyond core cities 45
4.2.1.3 Rising steel consumption in energy & power and
automotive industries 46
4.2.2 RESTRAINTS 47
4.2.2.1 Carbon transition pressure and cost of decarbonization technologies 47
4.2.2.2 Volatility in raw material quality and supply security 47
4.2.3 OPPORTUNITIES 48
4.2.3.1 Green steel premiumization and carbon-neutral supply contracts 48
4.2.3.2 Scrap-based steel production expansion
(circular economy integration) 48
4.2.4 CHALLENGES 49
4.2.4.1 Navigating trade barriers and market access uncertainty 49
4.2.4.2 Excess global steel overcapacity distorting pricing and
profitability dynamics 49
4.3 UNMET NEEDS AND WHITE SPACES 50
4.3.1 UNMET NEEDS IN IRON & STEEL MARKET 50
4.3.1.1 Cost-competitive low-carbon steel production without margin erosion 50
4.3.1.2 Securing high-quality raw material supply for consistent steel performance 50
4.3.1.3 Scalable scrap collection and processing infrastructure in
emerging markets 51
4.3.2 WHITE SPACE OPPORTUNITIES 51
4.3.2.1 Ultra-low impurity scrap utilization for high-grade flat steel production 51
4.3.2.2 Limited availability of DR-grade iron ore for hydrogen-based steelmaking 51
4.3.2.3 Inability to achieve ultra-low emission steel below 0.5 tonnes
CO₂ per ton 52
4.4 INTERCONNECTED MARKETS AND CROSS-SECTOR OPPORTUNITIES 52
4.4.1 INTERCONNECTED MARKETS 52
4.4.2 CROSS-SECTOR OPPORTUNITIES 53
4.5 STRATEGIC MOVES BY TIER 1/2/3 PLAYERS 54
4.5.1 KEY MOVES AND STRATEGIC FOCUS 54
5 INDUSTRY TRENDS 56
5.1 PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS 56
5.1.1 THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS 57
5.1.2 THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES 57
5.1.3 BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS 58
5.1.4 BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS 58
5.1.5 INTENSITY OF COMPETITIVE RIVALRY 58
5.2 MACROECONOMIC ANALYSIS 58
5.2.1 INTRODUCTION 58
5.2.2 GDP TRENDS AND FORECASTS 59
5.3 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS 60
5.4 ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS 62
5.5 PRICING ANALYSIS 63
5.5.1 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE AMONG KEY PLAYERS, BY TYPE 63
5.5.2 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE TREND, BY REGION 64
5.6 TRADE ANALYSIS 65
5.6.1 IMPORT DATA RELATED TO HS CODE 78, BY COUNTRY,
2021–2025 (USD THOUSAND) 65
5.6.2 EXPORT DATA RELATED TO HS CODE 78, BY COUNTRY,
2021–2025 (USD THOUSAND) 66
5.7 KEY CONFERENCES AND EVENTS, 2025–2026 67
5.8 TRENDS/DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMER BUSINESS 68
5.9 INVESTMENT AND FUNDING SCENARIO 68
5.10 CASE STUDY ANALYSIS 69
5.10.1 ARCELORMITTAL: ADVANCED HIGH-STRENGTH STEEL FOR
AUTOMOTIVE LIGHTWEIGHTING 69
5.10.2 POSCO: INNOVEX HIGH-GRADE ELECTRICAL STEEL FOR EV MOTORS 70
5.10.3 TATA STEEL: COLORCOAT PRISMA COATED STEEL FOR SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION 70
5.11 IMPACT OF 2025 US TARIFFS ON IRON & STEEL MARKET 71
5.11.1 INTRODUCTION 71
5.11.2 KEY TARIFF RATES 71
5.11.3 PRICE IMPACT ANALYSIS 71
5.11.4 KEY IMPACT ON VARIOUS REGIONS 72
5.11.4.1 US 72
5.11.4.2 Europe 72
5.11.4.3 Asia Pacific 72
5.11.5 IMPACT ON END-USE INDUSTRIES 72
6 TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS 74
6.1 KEY TECHNOLOGIES 74
6.1.1 BLAST FURNACE–BASIC OXYGEN FURNACE (BF–BOF) STEELMAKING 74
6.1.2 ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE (EAF) STEELMAKING 74
6.1.3 DIRECT REDUCED IRON (DRI) TECHNOLOGY 75
6.1.4 COMPLEMENTARY TECHNOLOGIES 76
6.1.4.1 Coke oven & sintering technology 76
6.1.4.2 Scrap processing & pre-treatment systems 76
6.1.5 ADJACENT TECHNOLOGIES 77
6.1.5.1 Hydrogen-based Steelmaking (H-DRI) 77
6.1.5.2 Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) 78
6.2 TECHNOLOGY/PRODUCT ROADMAP 78
6.2.1 SHORT-TERM (2025–2027) | PROCESS EFFICIENCY & DECARBONIZATION READINESS PHASE 78
6.2.2 MID-TERM (2027–2030) | PROCESS INTEGRATION & LOW-CARBON TRANSITION PHASE 79
6.2.3 LONG-TERM (2030–2035+): GREEN STEEL & FULL DECARBONIZATION PHASE 79
6.3 PATENT ANALYSIS 80
6.3.1 INTRODUCTION 80
6.3.2 APPROACH 80
6.3.3 TOP APPLICANTS 81
6.4 FUTURE APPLICATIONS 83
6.4.1 FULLY HYDROGEN-PLASMA IRONMAKING (PLASMA SMELTING REDUCTION) 83
6.4.2 MOLTEN OXIDE ELECTROLYSIS (MOE) STEEL PRODUCTION 83
6.4.3 SELF-HEALING STEEL MATERIALS 84
6.5 IMPACT OF AI/GENERATIVE AI ON IRON & STEEL MARKET 84
6.5.1 TOP USE CASES AND MARKET POTENTIAL 85
6.5.2 BEST PRACTICES IN IRON & STEEL 86
6.5.3 CASE STUDIES OF AI IMPLEMENTATION IN IRON & STEEL MARKET 86
6.5.4 INTERCONNECTED ADJACENT ECOSYSTEM AND IMPACT ON
MARKET PLAYERS 87
6.5.5 CLIENTS’ READINESS TO ADOPT GENERATIVE AI IN IRON & STEEL MARKET 87
7 SUSTAINABILITY AND REGULATORY LANDSCAPE 89
7.1 REGIONAL REGULATIONS AND COMPLIANCE 89
7.1.1 REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 89
7.1.2 INDUSTRY STANDARDS 91
7.2 SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVES 93
7.2.1 CARBON IMPACT AND ECO-APPLICATIONS OF IRON & STEEL 93
7.2.1.1 Carbon impact reduction 93
7.2.1.2 Eco-applications 93
7.3 SUSTAINABILITY IMPACT AND REGULATORY POLICY INITIATIVES 94
7.4 CERTIFICATIONS, LABELING, AND ECO-STANDARDS 95
8 CUSTOMER LANDSCAPE & BUYER BEHAVIOR 97
8.1 DECISION-MAKING PROCESS 97
8.2 BUYER STAKEHOLDERS AND BUYING EVALUATION CRITERIA 99
8.2.1 KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN BUYING PROCESS 99
8.2.2 BUYING CRITERIA 100
8.3 ADOPTION BARRIERS & INTERNAL CHALLENGES 100
8.4 UNMET NEEDS FROM VARIOUS END-USE INDUSTRIES 102
8.5 MARKET PROFITABILITY 102
8.5.1 REVENUE POTENTIAL 103
8.5.2 COST DYNAMICS 103
8.5.3 MARGIN OPPORTUNITIES, BY END-USE INDUSTRY 104
9 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY TYPE 105
9.1 INTRODUCTION 106
9.2 IRON 107
9.2.1 DECARBONIZATION AND FEEDSTOCK QUALITY FUNDAMENTALLY TRANSFORMING GLOBAL IRON VALUE CHAINS 107
9.3 STEEL 108
9.3.1 SHIFTING DEMAND MIX AND LOW-CARBON TECHNOLOGIES REDEFINING GLOBAL STEEL COMPETITIVENESS 108
9.3.1.1 Carbon steel 108
9.3.1.2 Stainless steel 109
9.3.1.3 Alloy steel 109
9.3.1.4 Tool steel 109
9.3.1.5 Types by steel forming 110
9.3.1.5.1 Hot-rolled coil 110
9.3.1.5.2 Hot-rolled plate 110
9.3.1.5.3 Cold-rolled coil 110
9.3.1.5.4 Hot-dipped galvanized coil 110
9.3.1.5.5 Electro zinc-coated coil 111
9.3.1.5.6 Wire rod 111
9.3.1.5.7 Sections & beams 111
10 STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY 112
10.1 INTRODUCTION 113
10.2 BASIC OXYGEN FURNACE 115
10.2.1 CARBON-INTENSIVE LEGACY INFRASTRUCTURE AND SCALE EFFICIENCIES CONTINUE TO DEFINE BOF STEELMAKING 115
10.3 ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE 116
10.3.1 SCRAP AVAILABILITY AND ENERGY ECONOMICS DRIVING EAF STEELMAKING COMPETITIVENESS 116
10.4 OTHER PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES 116
11 IRON MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY 118
11.1 INTRODUCTION 119
11.2 BLAST FURNACE PROCESS 120
11.2.1 HIGH CARBON INTENSITY AND RAW MATERIAL DEPENDENCE CONTINUE
TO DEFINE BLAST FURNACE IRONMAKING 120
11.3 DIRECT REDUCED IRON (DRI) PROCESS 121
11.3.1 GAS-BASED REDUCTION AND HYDROGEN TRANSITION RESHAPING
DRI COMPETITIVENESS GLOBALLY 121
12 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY 122
12.1 INTRODUCTION 123
12.2 BUILDING & CONSTRUCTION 125
12.2.1 INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT MOMENTUM AND SUSTAINABILITY SHIFTS RESHAPING CONSTRUCTION STEEL DEMAND 125
12.3 AUTOMOTIVE & TRANSPORTATION 126
12.3.1 ELECTRIFICATION AND LIGHTWEIGHTING TRENDS TRANSFORMING STEEL DEMAND IN MOBILITY 126
12.4 CONSUMER GOODS 126
12.4.1 APPLIANCE DEMAND AND URBAN CONSUMPTION TRENDS DRIVING STEEL USE IN CONSUMER GOODS 126
12.5 HEAVY INDUSTRIES 127
12.5.1 INDUSTRIAL EXPANSION AND ENERGY TRANSITION DRIVING STEEL
DEMAND IN HEAVY INDUSTRIES 127
12.6 OTHER END-USE INDUSTRIES 128
13 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY REGION 129
13.1 INTRODUCTION 130
13.2 NORTH AMERICA 132
13.2.1 US 136
13.2.1.1 Robust construction, automotive output, and reshoring trends 136
13.2.2 CANADA 139
13.2.2.1 Housing expansion, industrial exports, and logistics growth 139
13.2.3 MEXICO 142
13.2.3.1 Infrastructure expansion and automotive growth 142
13.2.4 REST OF NORTH AMERICA 145
13.3 ASIA PACIFIC 148
13.3.1 CHINA 153
13.3.1.1 Industrial upgrading and infrastructure expansion 153
13.3.2 INDIA 156
13.3.2.1 Infrastructure expansion and industrial growth 156
13.3.3 JAPAN 159
13.3.3.1 Infrastructure modernization and energy transition 159
13.3.4 SOUTH KOREA 162
13.3.4.1 Industrial upgrading and export-led manufacturing 162
13.3.5 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC 165
13.4 EUROPE 167
13.4.1 GERMANY 172
13.4.1.1 Industrial recovery, automotive expansion, and green steel transition 172
13.4.2 UK 175
13.4.2.1 Infrastructure recovery, construction pipeline, and aerospace growth 175
13.4.3 FRANCE 178
13.4.3.1 Infrastructure modernization, automotive expansion, and housing revival 178
13.4.4 RUSSIA 181
13.4.4.1 Industrial production, infrastructure expansion, and energy stability 181
13.4.5 SPAIN 184
13.4.5.1 Rapid construction surge and stable steel output 184
13.4.6 ITALY 187
13.4.6.1 Industrial manufacturing expansion and structural demand shifts 187
13.4.7 REST OF EUROPE 190
13.5 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA 193
13.5.1 GCC COUNTRIES 198
13.5.1.1 Saudi Arabia 201
13.5.1.1.1 Industrial diversification and mega infrastructure expansion 201
13.5.1.2 UAE 204
13.5.1.2.1 Mega infrastructure investment and industrial expansion 204
13.5.1.3 Rest of GCC countries 207
13.5.2 SOUTH AFRICA 210
13.5.2.1 Infrastructure investment and industrial manufacturing 210
13.5.3 REST OF MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA 213
13.6 SOUTH AMERICA 216
13.6.1 BRAZIL 220
13.6.1.1 Mining strength and industrial expansion 220
13.6.2 ARGENTINA 223
13.6.2.1 Investment revival and mining-led export growth 223
13.6.3 REST OF SOUTH AMERICA 226
14 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE 230
14.1 OVERVIEW 230
14.2 KEY PLAYER STRATEGIES/RIGHT TO WIN 230
14.3 REVENUE ANALYSIS, 2020–2024 232
14.4 MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS, 2025 233
14.5 BRAND COMPARISON 236
14.6 COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX: KEY PLAYERS, 2025 237
14.6.1 STARS 237
14.6.2 EMERGING LEADERS 237
14.6.3 PERVASIVE PLAYERS 237
14.6.4 PARTICIPANTS 237
14.6.5 COMPANY FOOTPRINT: KEY PLAYERS, 2025 239
14.6.5.1 Company footprint 239
14.6.5.2 Region footprint 240
14.6.5.3 Type footprint 241
14.6.5.4 Production technology footprint (Iron) 242
14.6.5.5 Production technology footprint (Steel) 243
14.6.5.6 End-use industry footprint 244
14.7 COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX: STARTUPS/SMES, 2024 245
14.7.1 PROGRESSIVE COMPANIES 245
14.7.2 RESPONSIVE COMPANIES 245
14.7.3 DYNAMIC COMPANIES 245
14.7.4 STARTING BLOCKS 245
14.7.5 COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING: STARTUPS/SMES, 2025 247
14.7.5.1 List of key startups/SMEs 247
14.7.6 COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING OF KEY STARTUPS/SMES 248
14.8 COMPANY VALUATION AND FINANCIAL METRICS 249
14.8.1 COMPANY VALUATION 249
14.9 FINANCIAL METRICS 250
14.10 COMPETITIVE SCENARIO 251
14.10.1 DEALS 256
14.10.2 EXPANSIONS 267
15 COMPANY PROFILES 274
15.1 KEY PLAYERS 274
15.1.1 ARCELORMITTAL 274
15.1.1.1 Business overview 274
15.1.1.2 Products offered 275
15.1.1.3 Recent developments 276
15.1.1.3.1 Product launches 276
15.1.1.3.2 Deals 277
15.1.1.3.3 Expansions 279
15.1.1.4 MnM view 280
15.1.1.4.1 Right to win 280
15.1.1.4.2 Strategic choices 280
15.1.1.4.3 Weakness and competitive threats 280
15.1.2 CHINA BAOWU STEEL GROUP CORPORATION LIMITED 281
15.1.2.1 Business overview 281
15.1.2.2 Products offered 282
15.1.2.3 Recent developments 283
15.1.2.3.1 Product launches 283
15.1.2.3.2 Deals 284
15.1.2.3.3 Expansions 286
15.1.2.4 MnM view 286
15.1.2.4.1 Right to win 286
15.1.2.4.2 Strategic choices 287
15.1.2.4.3 Weaknesses & competitive threats 287
15.1.3 TATA STEEL 288
15.1.3.1 Business overview 288
15.1.3.2 Products offered 289
15.1.3.3 Recent developments 291
15.1.3.3.1 Product launches 291
15.1.3.3.2 Deals 291
15.1.3.3.3 Expansions 293
15.1.3.4 MnM view 294
15.1.3.4.1 Right to win 294
15.1.3.4.2 Strategic choices 294
15.1.3.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats 294
15.1.4 JSW 295
15.1.4.1 Business overview 295
15.1.4.2 Products offered 296
15.1.4.3 Recent developments 296
15.1.4.3.1 Product launches 296
15.1.4.3.2 Deals 297
15.1.4.3.3 Expansions 298
15.1.4.4 MnM view 299
15.1.4.4.1 Right to win 299
15.1.4.4.2 Strategic choices 299
15.1.4.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats 299
15.1.5 NUCOR CORPORATION 300
15.1.5.1 Business overview 300
15.1.5.2 Products offered 301
15.1.5.3 Recent developments 301
15.1.5.3.1 Product launches 301
15.1.5.3.2 Deals 302
15.1.5.3.3 Expansions 303
15.1.5.4 MnM view 305
15.1.5.4.1 Right to win 305
15.1.5.4.2 Strategic choices 305
15.1.5.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats 305
15.1.6 NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION 306
15.1.6.1 Business overview 306
15.1.6.2 Products offered 307
15.1.6.3 Recent developments 308
15.1.6.3.1 Product launches 308
15.1.6.3.2 Deals 309
15.1.6.3.3 Expansions 310
15.1.6.4 MnM view 311
15.1.7 ANSTEEL GROUP CORPORATION LIMITED 312
15.1.7.1 Business overview 312
15.1.7.2 Products offered 312
15.1.7.3 Recent developments 313
15.1.7.3.1 Product launches 313
15.1.7.3.2 Deals 314
15.1.7.4 MnM view 315
15.1.8 POSCO 316
15.1.8.1 Business overview 316
15.1.8.2 Products offered 317
15.1.8.3 Recent developments 318
15.1.8.3.1 Deals 318
15.1.8.4 MnM view 320
15.1.9 HBIS GROUP CO., LTD. 321
15.1.9.1 Business overview 321
15.1.9.2 Products offered 321
15.1.9.3 Recent developments 322
15.1.9.3.1 Product launches 322
15.1.9.3.2 Deals 323
15.1.9.3.3 Expansions 324
15.1.9.4 MnM view 324
15.1.10 STEEL AUTHORITY OF INDIA LTD. (SAIL) 325
15.1.10.1 Business overview 325
15.1.10.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered 326
15.1.10.3 Recent developments 327
15.1.10.3.1 Deals 327
15.1.10.3.2 Expansions 328
15.1.10.4 MnM view 329
15.1.11 CSN (NATIONAL STEEL COMPANY) 330
15.1.11.1 Business overview 330
15.1.11.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered 331
15.1.11.3 Recent developments 332
15.1.11.3.1 Deals 332
15.1.11.3.2 Expansions 333
15.1.11.4 MnM view 333
15.1.12 SSAB AB 334
15.1.12.1 Business overview 334
15.1.12.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered 335
15.1.12.3 Recent developments 336
15.1.12.3.1 Product launches 336
15.1.12.3.2 Deals 336
15.1.12.3.3 Expansions 338
15.1.12.4 MnM view 339
15.2 OTHER PLAYERS 340
15.2.1 SHAGANG GROUP 340
15.2.2 NLMK 341
15.2.3 SEVERSTAL 342
15.2.4 EREĞLI DEMIR VE ÇELIK FAB. T.A.Ş. 343
15.2.5 SOHAR STEEL 344
15.2.6 C.D. WALZHOLZ GMBH & CO. KG 345
15.2.7 HENAN ANHUILONG STEEL CO., LTD. 346
15.2.8 HEBEI DONGHAI SPECIAL STEEL GROUP 347
15.2.9 FENG HSIN STEEL CO. LTD. 348
15.2.10 WORTHINGTON STEEL, INC. 349
15.2.11 LIBERTY STEEL GROUP 350
15.2.12 GERDAU 351
15.2.13 CORROS METALS PVT. LTD. 352
16 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 353
16.1 RESEARCH DATA 353
16.1.1 SECONDARY DATA 354
16.1.1.1 Key data from secondary sources 354
16.1.1.2 List of secondary sources 354
16.1.2 PRIMARY DATA 355
16.1.2.1 Key primary participants 355
16.1.2.2 Key data from primary sources 355
16.1.2.3 Breakdown of interviews with experts 356
16.1.2.4 Key industry insights 356
16.2 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION 357
16.2.1 TOP-DOWN APPROACH 357
16.2.2 BOTTOM-UP APPROACH 357
16.3 BASE NUMBER CALCULATION 358
16.3.1 SUPPLY-SIDE APPROACH 358
16.4 GROWTH FORECAST 359
16.5 DATA TRIANGULATION 359
16.6 RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS 360
16.7 RESEARCH LIMITATIONS & RISK ASSESSMENT 361
17 APPENDIX 362
17.1 DISCUSSION GUIDE 362
17.2 KNOWLEDGESTORE: MARKETSANDMARKETS’ SUBSCRIPTION PORTAL 366
17.3 CUSTOMIZATION OPTIONS 368
17.4 RELATED REPORTS 368
17.5 AUTHOR DETAILS 369

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 1 GLOBAL IRON ORE MINE PRODUCTION, BY COUNTRY, 2024 44
TABLE 2 GLOBAL APPARENT STEEL USE, BY REGION, 2024 45
TABLE 3 IMPACT OF PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS ON IRON & STEEL MARKET 57
TABLE 4 GLOBAL GDP GROWTH PROJECTION, 2021–2028 (USD TRILLION) 60
TABLE 5 ROLES OF COMPANIES IN IRON & STEEL ECOSYSTEM 62
TABLE 6 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE OF IRON & STEEL OFFERED BY KEY PLAYERS,
BY TYPE, 2025 (USD/KG) 63
TABLE 7 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE TREND OF IRON & STEEL, BY REGION,
2021–2024 (USD/KG) 64
TABLE 8 IMPORT DATA RELATED TO HS CODE 78, BY COUNTRY,
2021–2025 (USD THOUSAND) 66
TABLE 9 EXPORT DATA RELATED TO HS CODE 78, BY COUNTRY,
2021–2025 (USD THOUSAND) 67
TABLE 10 IRON & STEEL MARKET: KEY CONFERENCES AND EVENTS,
2026–2027 67
TABLE 11 IRON & STEEL MARKET: KEY TARIFF RATES 71
TABLE 12 IRON & STEEL MARKET: LIST OF MAJOR PATENTS IN 2025 82
TABLE 13 TOP USE CASES AND MARKET POTENTIAL 85
TABLE 14 BEST PRACTICES: COMPANIES IMPLEMENTING USE CASES 86
TABLE 15 IRON & STEEL MARKET: CASE STUDIES RELATED TO GENERATIVE
AI IMPLEMENTATION 86
TABLE 16 NORTH AMERICA: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,
AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 89
TABLE 17 EUROPE: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 89
TABLE 18 ASIA PACIFIC: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,
AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 90
TABLE 19 SOUTH AMERICA: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,
AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 91
TABLE 20 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT
AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 91
TABLE 21 GLOBAL INDUSTRY STANDARDS IN IRON & STEEL MARKET 92
TABLE 22 CERTIFICATIONS, LABELING, AND ECO-STANDARDS IN IRON & STEEL MARKET 95
TABLE 23 INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS FOR TOP 3 END-USE INDUSTRIES OF IRON & STEEL 99
TABLE 24 KEY BUYING CRITERIA FOR TOP THREE END-USE INDUSTRIES OF IRON & STEEL 100
TABLE 25 UNMET NEEDS IN IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY 102
TABLE 26 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY TYPE, 2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 106
TABLE 27 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY TYPE, 2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 106
TABLE 28 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY TYPE, 2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 107
TABLE 29 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY TYPE, 2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 107
TABLE 30 STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 114
TABLE 31 STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 114
TABLE 32 STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 114
TABLE 33 STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 115
TABLE 34 IRON MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 119
TABLE 35 IRON MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 119
TABLE 36 IRON MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 120
TABLE 37 IRON MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 120
TABLE 38 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 124
TABLE 39 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 124
TABLE 40 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 124
TABLE 41 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 125
TABLE 42 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY REGION, 2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 131
TABLE 43 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 131
TABLE 44 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY REGION, 2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 132
TABLE 45 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY REGION, 2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 132
TABLE 46 NORTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 133
TABLE 47 NORTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 133
TABLE 48 NORTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 133
TABLE 49 NORTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 134
TABLE 50 NORTH AMERICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 134
TABLE 51 NORTH AMERICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 134
TABLE 52 NORTH AMERICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 134
TABLE 53 NORTH AMERICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 135
TABLE 54 NORTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 135
TABLE 55 NORTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 135
TABLE 56 NORTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 136
TABLE 57 NORTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 136
TABLE 58 US: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 137
TABLE 59 US: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 137
TABLE 60 US: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 137
TABLE 61 US: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 138
TABLE 62 US: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 138
TABLE 63 US: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 138
TABLE 64 US: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 139
TABLE 65 US: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 139
TABLE 66 CANADA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 140
TABLE 67 CANADA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 140
TABLE 68 CANADA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 141
TABLE 69 CANADA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 141
TABLE 70 CANADA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 141
TABLE 71 CANADA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 141
TABLE 72 CANADA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 142
TABLE 73 CANADA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 142
TABLE 74 MEXICO: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 143
TABLE 75 MEXICO: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 143
TABLE 76 MEXICO: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 143
TABLE 77 MEXICO: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 144
TABLE 78 MEXICO: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 144
TABLE 79 MEXICO: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 144
TABLE 80 MEXICO: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 145
TABLE 81 MEXICO: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 145
TABLE 82 REST OF NORTH AMERICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 146
TABLE 83 REST OF NORTH AMERICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 146
TABLE 84 REST OF NORTH AMERICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 146
TABLE 85 REST OF NORTH AMERICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 146
TABLE 86 REST OF NORTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 147
TABLE 87 REST OF NORTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 147
TABLE 88 REST OF NORTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 147
TABLE 89 REST OF NORTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 148
TABLE 90 ASIA PACIFIC: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 149
TABLE 91 ASIA PACIFIC: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 150
TABLE 92 ASIA PACIFIC: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 150
TABLE 93 ASIA PACIFIC: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 150
TABLE 94 ASIA PACIFIC: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 150
TABLE 95 ASIA PACIFIC: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 151
TABLE 96 ASIA PACIFIC: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 151
TABLE 97 ASIA PACIFIC: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 151
TABLE 98 ASIA PACIFIC: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 151
TABLE 99 ASIA PACIFIC: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 152
TABLE 100 ASIA PACIFIC: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 152
TABLE 101 ASIA PACIFIC: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 152
TABLE 102 CHINA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 153
TABLE 103 CHINA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 154
TABLE 104 CHINA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 154
TABLE 105 CHINA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 154
TABLE 106 CHINA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 154
TABLE 107 CHINA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 155
TABLE 108 CHINA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 155
TABLE 109 CHINA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 155
TABLE 110 INDIA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 156
TABLE 111 INDIA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 157
TABLE 112 INDIA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 157
TABLE 113 INDIA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 157
TABLE 114 INDIA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 157
TABLE 115 INDIA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 158
TABLE 116 INDIA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 158
TABLE 117 INDIA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 158
TABLE 118 JAPAN: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 159
TABLE 119 JAPAN: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 160
TABLE 120 JAPAN: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 160
TABLE 121 JAPAN: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 160
TABLE 122 JAPAN: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 160
TABLE 123 JAPAN: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 161
TABLE 124 JAPAN: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 161
TABLE 125 JAPAN: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 161
TABLE 126 SOUTH KOREA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 162
TABLE 127 SOUTH KOREA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 163
TABLE 128 SOUTH KOREA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 163
TABLE 129 SOUTH KOREA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 163
TABLE 130 SOUTH KOREA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 163
TABLE 131 SOUTH KOREA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 164
TABLE 132 SOUTH KOREA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 164
TABLE 133 SOUTH KOREA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 164
TABLE 134 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 165
TABLE 135 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 165
TABLE 136 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 165
TABLE 137 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 166
TABLE 138 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 166
TABLE 139 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 166
TABLE 140 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 167
TABLE 141 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 167
TABLE 142 EUROPE: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 169
TABLE 143 EUROPE: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 169
TABLE 144 EUROPE: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 169
TABLE 145 EUROPE: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 170
TABLE 146 EUROPE: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 170
TABLE 147 EUROPE: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 170
TABLE 148 EUROPE: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 170
TABLE 149 EUROPE: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 171
TABLE 150 EUROPE: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 171
TABLE 151 EUROPE: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 171
TABLE 152 EUROPE: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 172
TABLE 153 EUROPE: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 172
TABLE 154 GERMANY: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 173
TABLE 155 GERMANY: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 173
TABLE 156 GERMANY: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 174
TABLE 157 GERMANY: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 174
TABLE 158 GERMANY: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 174
TABLE 159 GERMANY: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 174
TABLE 160 GERMANY: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 175
TABLE 161 GERMANY: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 175
TABLE 162 UK: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 176
TABLE 163 UK: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 176
TABLE 164 UK: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 176
TABLE 165 UK: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 177
TABLE 166 UK: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 177
TABLE 167 UK: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 177
TABLE 168 UK: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 178
TABLE 169 UK: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 178
TABLE 170 FRANCE: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 179
TABLE 171 FRANCE: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 179
TABLE 172 FRANCE: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 179
TABLE 173 FRANCE: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 180
TABLE 174 FRANCE: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 180
TABLE 175 FRANCE: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 180
TABLE 176 FRANCE: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 181
TABLE 177 FRANCE: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 181
TABLE 178 RUSSIA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 182
TABLE 179 RUSSIA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 182
TABLE 180 RUSSIA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 182
TABLE 181 RUSSIA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 183
TABLE 182 RUSSIA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 183
TABLE 183 RUSSIA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 183
TABLE 184 RUSSIA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 184
TABLE 185 RUSSIA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 184
TABLE 186 SPAIN: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 185
TABLE 187 SPAIN: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 185
TABLE 188 SPAIN: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 185
TABLE 189 SPAIN: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 186
TABLE 190 SPAIN: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 186
TABLE 191 SPAIN: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 186
TABLE 192 SPAIN: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 187
TABLE 193 SPAIN: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 187
TABLE 194 ITALY: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 188
TABLE 195 ITALY: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 188
TABLE 196 ITALY: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 188
TABLE 197 ITALY: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 189
TABLE 198 ITALY: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 189
TABLE 199 ITALY: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 189
TABLE 200 ITALY: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 190
TABLE 201 ITALY: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 190
TABLE 202 REST OF EUROPE: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 191
TABLE 203 REST OF EUROPE: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 191
TABLE 204 REST OF EUROPE: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 191
TABLE 205 REST OF EUROPE: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 191
TABLE 206 REST OF EUROPE: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 192
TABLE 207 REST OF EUROPE: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 192
TABLE 208 REST OF EUROPE: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 192
TABLE 209 REST OF EUROPE: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 193
TABLE 210 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 194
TABLE 211 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 194
TABLE 212 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 194
TABLE 213 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 195
TABLE 214 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 195
TABLE 215 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 195
TABLE 216 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 196
TABLE 217 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 196
TABLE 218 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 196
TABLE 219 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 197
TABLE 220 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 197
TABLE 221 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 197
TABLE 222 GCC COUNTRIES: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 198
TABLE 223 GCC COUNTRIES: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 199
TABLE 224 GCC COUNTRIES: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 199
TABLE 225 GCC COUNTRIES: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 199
TABLE 226 GCC COUNTRIES: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 200
TABLE 227 GCC COUNTRIES: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 200
TABLE 228 GCC COUNTRIES: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 200
TABLE 229 GCC COUNTRIES: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 201
TABLE 230 SAUDI ARABIA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 202
TABLE 231 SAUDI ARABIA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 202
TABLE 232 SAUDI ARABIA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 202
TABLE 233 SAUDI ARABIA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 202
TABLE 234 SAUDI ARABIA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 203
TABLE 235 SAUDI ARABIA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 203
TABLE 236 SAUDI ARABIA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 203
TABLE 237 SAUDI ARABIA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 204
TABLE 238 UAE: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 205
TABLE 239 UAE: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 205
TABLE 240 UAE: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 205
TABLE 241 UAE: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 205
TABLE 242 UAE: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2
022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 206
TABLE 243 UAE: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 206
TABLE 244 UAE: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 206
TABLE 245 UAE: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 207
TABLE 246 REST OF GCC COUNTRIES: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 207
TABLE 247 REST OF GCC COUNTRIES: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 208
TABLE 248 REST OF GCC COUNTRIES: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 208
TABLE 249 REST OF GCC COUNTRIES: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 208
TABLE 250 REST OF GCC COUNTRIES: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 209
TABLE 251 REST OF GCC COUNTRIES: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 209
TABLE 252 REST OF GCC COUNTRIES: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 209
TABLE 253 REST OF GCC COUNTRIES: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 210
TABLE 254 SOUTH AFRICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 211
TABLE 255 SOUTH AFRICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 211
TABLE 256 SOUTH AFRICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 211
TABLE 257 SOUTH AFRICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 212
TABLE 258 SOUTH AFRICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 212
TABLE 259 SOUTH AFRICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 212
TABLE 260 SOUTH AFRICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 213
TABLE 261 SOUTH AFRICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 213
TABLE 262 REST OF MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 214
TABLE 263 REST OF MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 214
TABLE 264 REST OF MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 214
TABLE 265 REST OF MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 215
TABLE 266 REST OF MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 215
TABLE 267 REST OF MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 215
TABLE 268 REST OF MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 216
TABLE 269 REST OF MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 216
TABLE 270 SOUTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 217
TABLE 271 SOUTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 217
TABLE 272 SOUTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY ,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 217
TABLE 273 SOUTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY COUNTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 218
TABLE 274 SOUTH AMERICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 218
TABLE 275 SOUTH AMERICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 218
TABLE 276 SOUTH AMERICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 218
TABLE 277 SOUTH AMERICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 219
TABLE 278 SOUTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 219
TABLE 279 SOUTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 219
TABLE 280 SOUTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 220
TABLE 281 SOUTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 220
TABLE 282 BRAZIL: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 221
TABLE 283 BRAZIL: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 221
TABLE 284 BRAZIL: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 221
TABLE 285 BRAZIL: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 222
TABLE 286 BRAZIL: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 222
TABLE 287 BRAZIL: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 222
TABLE 288 BRAZIL: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 223
TABLE 289 BRAZIL: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 223
TABLE 290 ARGENTINA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 224
TABLE 291 ARGENTINA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 224
TABLE 292 ARGENTINA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 224
TABLE 293 ARGENTINA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 225
TABLE 294 ARGENTINA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 225
TABLE 295 ARGENTINA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 225
TABLE 296 ARGENTINA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 226
TABLE 297 ARGENTINA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 226
TABLE 298 REST OF SOUTH AMERICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 227
TABLE 299 REST OF SOUTH AMERICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 227
TABLE 300 REST OF SOUTH AMERICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 227
TABLE 301 REST OF SOUTH AMERICA: STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 227
TABLE 302 REST OF SOUTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (MILLION TONS) 228
TABLE 303 REST OF SOUTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (MILLION TONS) 228
TABLE 304 REST OF SOUTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2022–2024 (USD BILLION) 228
TABLE 305 REST OF SOUTH AMERICA: IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY,
2025–2031 (USD BILLION) 229
TABLE 306 IRON & STEEL MARKET: OVERVIEW OF STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY MARKET PLAYERS, JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 230
TABLE 307 IRON & STEEL: DEGREE OF COMPETITION 234
TABLE 308 IRON & STEEL MARKET: REGION FOOTPRINT 240
TABLE 309 IRON & STEEL MARKET: TYPE FOOTPRINT 241
TABLE 310 IRON MARKET: IRON PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY FOOTPRINT 242
TABLE 311 STEEL MARKET: STEEL PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY FOOTPRINT 243
TABLE 312 STEEL MARKET: END-USE INDUSTRY FOOTPRINT 244
TABLE 313 IRON & STEEL MARKET: LIST OF KEY STARTUPS/SMES, 2025 247
TABLE 314 IRON & STEEL MARKET: COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING OF
KEY STARTUPS/SMES, 2024 248
TABLE 315 IRON & STEEL MARKET: PRODUCTS LAUNCHES, JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 251
TABLE 316 IRON & STEEL MARKET: DEALS, JANUARY 2021– MARCH 2026 256
TABLE 317 IRON & STEEL MARKET: EXPANSIONS, JANUARY 2021– MARCH 2026 267
TABLE 318 ARCELORMITTAL: COMPANY OVERVIEW 274
TABLE 319 ARCELORMITTAL: PRODUCTS OFFERED 275
TABLE 320 ARCELORMITTAL: PRODUCT LAUNCHES, JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 276
TABLE 321 ARCELORMITTAL: DEALS, JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 277
TABLE 322 ARCELORMITTAL: EXPANSIONS, JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 279
TABLE 323 CHINA BAOWU STEEL GROUP CORPORATION LIMITED: COMPANY OVERVIEW 281
TABLE 324 CHINA BAOWU STEEL GROUP CORPORATION LIMITED: PRODUCTS OFFERED 282
TABLE 325 CHINA BAOWU STEEL GROUP CORPORATION LIMITED:
PRODUCT LAUNCHES, JANUARY 2021– MARCH 2026 283
TABLE 326 CHINA BAOWU STEEL GROUP CORPORATION LIMITED: DEALS,
JANUARY 2021– MARCH 2026 284
TABLE 327 CHINA BAOWU STEEL GROUP CORPORATION LIMITED: EXPANSIONS,
JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 286
TABLE 328 TATA STEEL: COMPANY OVERVIEW 288
TABLE 329 TATA STEEL: PRODUCTS OFFERED 289
TABLE 330 TATA STEEL: PRODUCT LAUNCHES, JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 291
TABLE 331 TATA STEEL: DEALS, JANUARY 2021– MARCH 2026 291
TABLE 332 TATA STEEL: EXPANSIONS, JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 293
TABLE 333 JSW: COMPANY OVERVIEW 295
TABLE 334 JSW: PRODUCTS OFFERED 296
TABLE 335 JSW: PRODUCT LAUNCHES, JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 296
TABLE 336 JSW: DEALS, JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 297
TABLE 337 JSW: EXPANSIONS, JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 298
TABLE 338 NUCOR CORPORATION: COMPANY OVERVIEW 300
TABLE 339 NUCOR CORPORATION: PRODUCTS OFFERED 301
TABLE 340 NUCOR CORPORATION: PRODUCT LAUNCHES, JANUARY 2021– MARCH 2026 301
TABLE 341 NUCOR CORPORATION: DEALS, JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 302
TABLE 342 NUCOR CORPORATION: EXPANSIONS, JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 303
TABLE 343 NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION: COMPANY OVERVIEW 306
TABLE 344 NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION: PRODUCTS OFFERED 307
TABLE 345 NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION: PRODUCT LAUNCHES,
JANUARY 2021– MARCH 2026 308
TABLE 346 NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION: DEALS, JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 309
TABLE 347 NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION: EXPANSIONS, JANUARY 2021– MARCH 2026 310
TABLE 348 ANSTEEL GROUP CORPORATION LIMITED: COMPANY OVERVIEW 312
TABLE 349 ANSTEEL GROUP CORPORATION LIMITED: PRODUCTS OFFERED 312
TABLE 350 ANSTEEL GROUP CORPORATION LIMITED: PRODUCT LAUNCHES,
JANUARY 2021– MARCH 2026 313
TABLE 351 ANSTEEL GROUP CORPORATION LIMITED: DEALS, JANUARY 2021– MARCH 2026 314
TABLE 352 POSCO: COMPANY OVERVIEW 316
TABLE 353 POSCO: PRODUCTS OFFERED 317
TABLE 354 POSCO: DEALS, JANUARY 2021– MARCH 2026 318
TABLE 355 HBIS GROUP CO., LTD.: COMPANY OVERVIEW 321
TABLE 356 HBIS GROUP CO., LTD.: PRODUCTS/SOLUTIONS/SERVICES OFFERED 321
TABLE 357 HBIS GROUP CO., LTD.: PRODUCT LAUNCHES, JANUARY 2021– MARCH 2026 322
TABLE 358 HBIS GROUP CO., LTD.: DEALS, JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 323
TABLE 359 HBIS GROUP CO., LTD.: EXPANSIONS, JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 324
TABLE 360 STEEL AUTHORITY OF INDIA LTD. (SAIL): COMPANY OVERVIEW 325
TABLE 361 STEEL AUTHORITY OF INDIA LTD. (SAIL): PRODUCTS/SOLUTIONS/
SERVICES OFFERED 326
TABLE 362 STEEL AUTHORITY OF INDIA LTD. (SAIL): DEALS, JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 327
TABLE 363 STEEL AUTHORITY OF INDIA LTD. (SAIL): EXPANSIONS,
JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 328
TABLE 364 CSN (NATIONAL STEEL COMPANY): COMPANY OVERVIEW 330
TABLE 365 CSN (NATIONAL STEEL COMPANY): PRODUCTS/SOLUTIONS/SERVICES OFFERED 331
TABLE 366 CSN (NATIONAL STEEL COMPANY): DEALS, JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 332
TABLE 367 CSN (NATIONAL STEEL COMPANY): EXPANSIONS, JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 333
TABLE 368 SSAB AB: COMPANY OVERVIEW 334
TABLE 369 SSAB AB: PRODUCTS OFFERED 335
TABLE 370 SSAB AB: PRODUCT LAUNCHES, JANUARY 2021–DECEMBER 2025 336
TABLE 371 SSAB AB: DEALS, JANUARY 2021–DECEMBER 2025 336
TABLE 372 SSAB AB: EXPANSIONS, JANUARY 2021–MARCH 2026 338
TABLE 373 SHAGANG GROUP: COMPANY OVERVIEW 340
TABLE 374 NLMK: COMPANY OVERVIEW 341
TABLE 375 SEVERSTAL: COMPANY OVERVIEW 342
TABLE 376 EREĞLI DEMIR VE ÇELIK FAB. T.A.Ş.: COMPANY OVERVIEW 343
TABLE 377 SOHAR STEEL: COMPANY OVERVIEW 344
TABLE 378 C.D. WALZHOLZ GMBH & CO. KG: COMPANY OVERVIEW 345
TABLE 379 HENAN ANHUILONG STEEL CO., LTD.: COMPANY OVERVIEW 346
TABLE 380 HEBEI DONGHAI SPECIAL STEEL GROUP: COMPANY OVERVIEW 347
TABLE 381 FENG HSIN STEEL CO. LTD.: COMPANY OVERVIEW 348
TABLE 382 WORTHINGTON STEEL, INC.: COMPANY OVERVIEW 349
TABLE 383 LIBERTY STEEL GROUP: COMPANY OVERVIEW 350
TABLE 384 GERDAU: COMPANY OVERVIEW 351
TABLE 385 CORROS METALS PVT. LTD.: COMPANY OVERVIEW 352

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 1 IRON & STEEL MARKET SEGMENTATION & REGIONAL SCOPE 31
FIGURE 2 KEY INSIGHTS AND MARKET HIGHLIGHTS 34
FIGURE 3 GLOBAL IRON & STEEL MARKET, 2022–2031 35
FIGURE 4 MAJOR STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY KEY PLAYERS IN IRON & STEEL
MARKET (2021–2025) 35
FIGURE 5 DISRUPTIVE TRENDS IMPACTING GROWTH OF IRON & STEEL MARKET
DURING FORECAST PERIOD 36
FIGURE 6 HIGH-GROWTH SEGMENTS AND EMERGING FRONTIERS IN IRON
& STEEL MARKET, 2026–2031 37
FIGURE 7 ASIA PACIFIC TO BE LARGEST MARKET DURING FORECAST PERIOD 38
FIGURE 8 HIGH DEMAND FOR IRON & STEEL IN VARIOUS END-USE INDUSTRIES
TO CREATE LUCRATIVE OPPORTUNITIES FOR MARKET PLAYERS 39
FIGURE 9 STEEL SEGMENT AND BUILDING & CONSTRUCTION END-USE INDUSTRY ACCOUNTED FOR LARGEST MARKET SHARES IN 2025 40
FIGURE 10 BASIC OXYGEN FURNACE SEGMENT DOMINATED IRON & STEEL MARKET IN 2025 41
FIGURE 11 BLAST FURNACE PROCESS SEGMENT DOMINATED IRON & STEEL
MARKET IN 2025 41
FIGURE 12 INDIA TO REGISTER HIGHEST CAGR DURING FORECAST PERIOD 42
FIGURE 13 IRON & STEEL MARKET: DRIVERS, RESTRAINTS,
OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES 43
FIGURE 14 GLOBAL CONSTRUCTION OUTPUT YEAR-ON-YEAR % CHANGE, (2023–2026) 46
FIGURE 15 IRON & STEEL MARKET: PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS 56
FIGURE 16 IRON & STEEL MARKET: VALUE CHAIN 61
FIGURE 17 IRON & STEEL MARKET: ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS 62
FIGURE 18 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE OF IRON & STEEL OFFERED BY KEY PLAYERS,
BY TYPE INDUSTRY, 2024 (USD/KG) 63
FIGURE 19 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE TREND OF IRON & STEEL, BY REGION,
2021–2024 (USD/KG) 64
FIGURE 20 IMPORT DATA RELATED TO HS CODE 78, BY COUNTRY,
2021–2025 (USD THOUSAND) 65
FIGURE 21 EXPORT DATA RELATED TO HS CODE 78, BY COUNTRY,
2021–2025 (USD THOUSAND) 66
FIGURE 22 TRENDS/DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMER BUSINESS 68
FIGURE 23 INVESTMENT AND FUNDING SCENARIO, 2018–2025 69
FIGURE 24 LIST OF MAJOR PATENTS RELATED TO IRON & STEEL, 2015–2025 81
FIGURE 25 REGIONAL ANALYSIS OF PATENTS GRANTED FOR IRON & STEEL, 2015–2025 81
FIGURE 26 IRON & STEEL MARKET: DECISION-MAKING FACTORS 98
FIGURE 27 INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS FOR TOP 3
END-USE INDUSTRIES 99
FIGURE 28 KEY BUYING CRITERIA FOR TOP 3 END-USE INDUSTRIES 100
FIGURE 29 ADOPTION BARRIERS & INTERNAL CHALLENGES 101
FIGURE 30 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY TYPE, 2026 VS. 2031 (USD BILLION) 106
FIGURE 31 STEEL MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2026 VS. 2031 (USD BILLION) 114
FIGURE 32 IRON MARKET, BY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, 2026 VS. 2031 (USD BILLION) 119
FIGURE 33 IRON & STEEL MARKET, BY END-USE INDUSTRY, 2026 VS. 2031 (USD BILLION) 123
FIGURE 34 INDIA TO BE FASTEST-GROWING MARKET FOR IRON & STEEL DURING
FORECAST PERIOD 131
FIGURE 35 ASIA PACIFIC: IRON & STEEL MARKET SNAPSHOT 149
FIGURE 36 EUROPE: IRON & STEEL MARKET SNAPSHOT 168
FIGURE 37 IRON & STEEL MARKET: REVENUE ANALYSIS OF KEY PLAYERS,
2020–2024 (USD BILLION) 232
FIGURE 38 IRON & STEEL MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS, 2025 233
FIGURE 39 IRON & STEEL MARKET: BRAND COMPARISON 236
FIGURE 40 IRON & STEEL MARKET: COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX (KEY PLAYERS), 2025 238
FIGURE 41 IRON & STEEL MARKET: COMPANY FOOTPRINT, 2025 239
FIGURE 42 IRON & STEEL MARKET: COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX (STARTUPS/SMES), 2025 246
FIGURE 43 COMPANY VALUATION (USD BILLION) 249
FIGURE 44 FINANCIAL METRICS: EV/EBITDA RATIO 250
FIGURE 45 YEAR-TO-DATE PRICE AND FIVE-YEAR STOCK BETA 250
FIGURE 46 ARCELORMITTAL: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 275
FIGURE 47 CHINA BAOWU STEEL GROUP CORPORATION LIMITED: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 281
FIGURE 48 TATA STEEL: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 289
FIGURE 49 JSW: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 295
FIGURE 50 NUCOR CORPORATION: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 300
FIGURE 51 NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 307
FIGURE 52 POSCO: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 317
FIGURE 53 STEEL AUTHORITY OF INDIA LTD. (SAIL): COMPANY SNAPSHOT 326
FIGURE 54 CSN (NATIONAL STEEL COMPANY): COMPANY SNAPSHOT 331
FIGURE 55 SSAB AB: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 335
FIGURE 56 IRON & STEEL MARKET: RESEARCH DESIGN 353
FIGURE 57 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION: TOP-DOWN APPROACH 357
FIGURE 58 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION: BOTTOM-UP APPROACH 357
FIGURE 59 IRON & STEEL MARKET: BASE NUMBER CALCULATION APPROACH 358
FIGURE 60 IRON & STEEL MARKET: DATA TRIANGULATION 359

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