住宅用仮想発電所ソフトウェア市場　第1版

Berg Insight（ベルグインサイト）「住宅用仮想発電所ソフトウェア市場　第1版- The Residential Virtual Power Plant Software Market」レポートは欧州と北米の住宅用仮想発電所ソフトウェア市場を調査し、最新動向の分析を行っています。また5年間の業界予測や専門家の解説など、ビジネス上の意思決定に役立つ独自のビジネスインテリジェンスを提供します。

主な掲載内容

• 概説
  • 電気市場
    • 欧州
    • 北米
  • 仮想発電所
  • 市場成長促進要因
• 通信技術と規格
  • 3GPPセルラー
  • Wi-Fi
  • DER規格とプロトコル
    • EcoPort/CTA-2045
    • EEBus
    • IEEE 2030.5
    • ISO 15118 – プラグ＆チャージ
    • Matter
    • Modbus
    • MQTT
    • OpenADR
    • Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP)
    • SG-Ready
    • SunSpec
• 企業情報と戦略
  • アグリゲーターと市場参入者
  • 仮想発電所（VPP）イネーブラーとプラットフォームプロバイダ
• 市場分析と動向
  • 市場予測
  • バリューチェーン分析
  • 動向

Report Overview

The Residential Virtual Power Plant Software Market is a new report from Berg Insight analysing the latest developments and trends on this market in Europe and North America. This strategic research report provides you with 100 pages of unique business intelligence including 5-year industry forecasts and expert commentary on which to base your business decisions.

How will the residential virtual power plant software market in Europe and North America evolve in 2026 and beyond? Berg Insight estimates that there were 13.9 million residential DERs connected to VPP software platforms in the two regions at the end of 2025. Residential VPPs aggregate DERs installed in homes, primarily smart thermostats, EV chargers, home batteries, heat pumps and rooftop solar PV systems. Until 2030, Berg Insight forecasts that this number will grow at a compound annual growth rate of 18.1 percent to reach 32.0 million at the end of the period. Get up to date with the latest trends and information about vendors, products and markets.

Highlights from the report:

• 360-degree overview of the residential virtual power plant ecosystem.
• Summary of key industry trends in residential DER aggregation and grid flexibility.
• Statistical data on connected residential DERs and flexible capacity in Europe and North America. Market forecasts lasting until 2030.
• Reviews of the latest initiatives launched by utilities, energy retailers, DER OEMs and specialist VPP platform providers.
• Profiles of the key companies active in the residential VPP market.
• Comparative analysis of the leading players in Europe and North America.

The number of residential DERs connected to VPP platforms in Europe and North America to reach 32 million by 2030

The share of energy generated from intermittent renewable sources such as wind and solar is steadily increasing, making electricity supply more volatile and less predictable. At the same time, electricity demand is rising rapidly, driven by the expansion of data centres to support AI computing, as well as the growing adoption of electric vehicles and electrified heating and cooling systems. Together, these developments place significant strain on existing electricity grid infrastructure, much of which was designed and built decades ago for a more centralised and predictable energy system. While the expansion of renewables and electrification is beneficial for the environment, it also introduces new challenges that must be actively managed. One approach to address these challenges is the use of virtual power plants (VPPs).

A VPP connects and aggregates distributed energy resources (DERs), such as EV chargers, energy storage systems, solar PV, HVAC systems and compressors, into a single controllable resource. Residential VPPs aggregate DERs installed in homes, primarily smart thermostats, EV chargers, home batteries, heat pumps and rooftop solar PV systems. Individually, these assets have little effect on the energy system. However, when thousands of them are aggregated, they form a significant resource comparable in scale to a conventional power plant. A VPP can supply energy, reduce demand and provide critical grid-stabilisation services. These capabilities are typically delivered faster, more cleanly and at lower cost than conventional power plants. VPPs create value for multiple stakeholders in the energy sector, including utilities, energy retailers and grid operators. They also unlock new value streams for DER manufacturers and provide financial benefits for households.

In Europe, there were an estimated 3.3 million residential DERs connected to VPP software platforms at the end of 2025. Smart heating is estimated to be the largest DER category in terms of the number of units followed by EV charging and home battery storage systems. The total flexible capacity of these DERs reached 9.0 GW at the end of 2025. In North America, there were an estimated 10.6 million residential DERs connected to VPP software platforms at the end of 2025. Smart thermostats are estimated to be the largest DER category, accounting for the vast majority of the assets. Home battery storage systems and EV chargers are estimated to account for smaller shares. The total flexible capacity of these DERs reached 13.9 GW at the end of 2025.

A number of companies develop and provide VPP services. This report focuses on European and North American companies that develop software solutions for aggregating residential DERs, providing various grid support services and enabling participation in wholesale energy markets. The report also includes companies that develop software and hardware solutions that enable other companies to provide these services. The former group includes specialists such as Renew Home, EnergyHub, Uplight, Voltus, Voltalis, Kraken, Axle Energy and Flexa; DER OEMs and installers such as Tesla, Sonnen, Lunar Energy and 1KOMMA5°; and energy retailers and utilities such as Tibber, Frank Energie and David Energy. Companies developing tools and platforms that enable utilities and other companies to provide VPP services include Beebop.ai, Ensek, Eniris, Kiwigrid, Enode, Virtual Peaker and GridX, among others. In terms of the number of connected DERs, US-based Renew Home and EnergyHub rank as the leading players in North America, while France-based Voltalis and UK-based Kraken rank as the largest players in Europe.

Table of Contents

Executive Summary

1 Introduction

1.1 The electricity market
1.1.1 Europe
1.1.2 North America
1.2 Virtual power plants
1.2.1 Distributed energy resources
1.2.2 VPP software solutions
1.2.3 Value proposition of VPPs
1.3 Market drivers
1.3.1 Growing EV and renewable adoption increase electricity demand and volatility
1.3.2 VPPs enable deferred or avoided electricity infrastructure upgrades
1.3.3 Increasing electricity prices
1.3.4 Declining costs of solar PV, battery storage systems and other DERs
1.3.5 Value stacking improves the economics for homeowners
1.3.6 FERC Order 2222 unlocks DER market access in the US
1.3.7 NC DR framework to facilitate small-scale DER market participation in the EU
1.3.8 P415 is reshaping access to flexibility markets for DERs in Great Britain

2 Communications Technologies and Standards

2.1 3GPP cellular
2.2 Wi-Fi
2.3 DER standards and protocols
2.3.1 EcoPort/CTA-2045
2.3.2 EEBus
2.3.3 IEEE 2030.5
2.3.4 ISO 15118 – Plug & Charge
2.3.5 Matter
2.3.6 Modbus
2.3.7 MQTT
2.3.8 OpenADR
2.3.9 Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP)
2.3.10 SG-Ready
2.3.11 SunSpec

3 Company Profiles and Strategies

3.1 Aggregators and market participants
3.1.1 1KOMMA5°
3.1.2 Axle Energy
3.1.3 Base Power
3.1.4 CheckWatt
3.1.5 David Energy
3.1.6 EnergyHub (Alarm.com)
3.1.7 Flexa (Enpal)
3.1.8 Flower Infrastructure Technologies
3.1.9 Frank Energie
3.1.10 Generac
3.1.11 Greenel
3.1.12 Joulen
3.1.13 Kaluza (OVO Group
3.1.14 Kraken Technologies
3.1.15 Leap
3.1.16 Lumenaz
3.1.17 Lunar Energy
3.1.18 Ostrom
3.1.19 Renew Home
3.1.20 Sonnen (Shell)
3.1.21 Tesl
3.1.22 Tibber
3.1.23 Uplight
3.1.24 Voltalis
3.1.25 Voltus
3.2 VPP enablers and platform providers
3.2.1 Beebop.ai
3.2.2 Derapi
3.2.3 Eniri
3.2.4 Enode
3.2.5 ENSEK (Centrica)
3.2.6 Fever Energy
3.2.7 GridX (E.ON)
3.2.8 Kiwigrid
3.2.9 Podero
3.2.10 Saveeye
3.2.11 Smartca
3.2.12 Texture
3.2.13 Virtual Peaker

4 Market Analysis and Trends

4.1 Market forecasts
4.2 Value chain analysis
4.2.1 Aggregators and market participants
4.2.2 VPP enablers and platform providers
4.3 Trends
4.3.1 Cellular connectivity enhances the reliability of DER
4.3.2 Vehicle-to-grid to drive significant growth in VPP capacity
4.3.3 MARI and PICASSO enable cross-border energy balancing in Europe
4.3.4 VPPs become critical as energy demand and volatility surge
4.3.5 Reducing friction and providing strong incentives are key to VPP participation
4.3.6 HVAC to remain a primary driver of residential VPP capacity growth

Glossary

List of Figures

Figure 1.1: Electricity market statistics (EU27+3 2024/2025)
Figure 1.2: Top 25 electricity DSO groups (EU27+3 2024)
Figure 1.3: Electricity generation by energy source (EU27 2025)
Figure 1.4: Electricity consumption by sector (EU27 2024)
Figure 1.5: Top 25 electric utilities (US 2024)
Figure 1.6: Electricity generation by energy source (US 2025)
Figure 1.7: Electricity consumption by sector (US 2025)
Figure 1.8: Top 10 electric utilities (Canada 2024)
Figure 1.9: Electricity generation by energy source (Canada 2023)
Figure 1.10: Electricity consumption by sector (Canada 2022)
Figure 1.11: Virtual power plant overview
Figure 1.12: Examples of residential DERs
Figure 1.13: Residential DER types
Figure 1.14: VPP software layers
Figure 1.15: Average household electricity prices (EU27 and USA 2009–2025)
Figure 2.1: EcoPort/CTA-2045 communication module plugged into a water heater
Figure 2.2: Matter application layer
Figure 3.1: Generac PWRcell 2
Figure 3.2: Greenely app
Figure 3.3: Kaluza Energy Intelligence Platform
Figure 3.4: Leap VPP dashboard
Figure 3.5: The Gridshare platform
Figure 3.6: Tesla Powerwall 3 and app
Figure 3.7: MyVoltalis portal
Figure 3.8: Derapi connectivity platform
Figure 3.9: SmartgridOne energy manager device
Figure 3.10: The XENON platform
Figure 3.11: Kiwigrid portal and energy managers
Figure 3.12: EyeQ 300 gateway
Figure 4.1: Residential VPP market size and forecast (EU27+3 and NA 2025–2030)
Figure 4.2: The VPP value chain
Figure 4.3: Top DER aggregators and market participants (EU & NA Q1-2026)